Generally, passive activity losses that exceed the passive activity income are disallowed for the current year. You can carry forward disallowed passive losses to the next taxable year. A similar rule applies to credits from passive activities.
Passive activities include trade or business activities in which you don't materially participate. You materially participate in an activity if you're involved in the operation of the activity on a regular, continuous, and substantial basis. In general, rental activities, including rental real estate activities, are passive activities even if you materially participate. However, rental real estate activities in which you materially participate aren't passive activities if you qualify as a real estate professional. Also, there’s a limited exception from the passive activity rules for rental real estate activities in which you actively participate. Active participation is a less stringent standard than material participation. You can find guidelines for determining material participation, the rules for determining who's a real estate professional and what's active participation, and the special rules that apply to the income and losses from a passive activity held through a publicly traded partnership (PTP) in Publication 925, Passive Activity and At-Risk Rules.
Use Form 8582, Passive Activity Loss Limitations to summarize income and losses from passive activities and to compute the deductible losses.
Use Form 8582-CR, Passive Activity Credit Limitations to summarize the credits from passive activities and to compute the allowed passive activity credit. You may also use Form 8582-CR to make an election to increase the basis of credit property when you dispose of the property.